An overview of the new school violence prevention law
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Sheldon Silver
Speaker of the Assembly
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Steven Sanders
Chair, Committee on Education
Roger Green
Chair, Committee on Children & Families
Susan John
Chair, Majority Steering Committee
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February 2001
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Executive Summary
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The Assembly Majority is committed to
assuring New York’s children the highest
quality education possible. However, our
efforts will prove futile unless we
guarantee our children safe schools.
Towards this end, the Assembly took the
lead by crafting and passing school violence
legislation for the past five years. This year, as
a direct outgrowth of these efforts, comprehensive
school violence legislation was enacted. This new
law, signed Chapter 181 of the laws of 2000, is
entitled Project SAVE or the Safe Schools Against
Violence in Education Act.
To protect students and staff and ensure a
safe climate for learning, this law contains
new initiatives with regard to student suspensions,
codes of conduct, and school safety plans. While
the law went into effect on November 1, 2000,
school districts are not required to comply with
most of the requirements until July 1, 2001. Below
is a brief summary of this new law:
- Violent students must be immediately
removed from the classroom and the
superintendent's suspension process must be
automatically triggered.
- All school districts and BOCES are now
statutorily required to adopt a code of
conduct.
- Schools must establish safety plans
addressing the security needs of students
and employees.
- Schools or school districts must be
notified when a student is returning from
the juvenile justice system.
- Students who are released or conditionally released from a facility, must be given a plan to ensure prompt
enrollment in an educational program.
- Schools must collect information on violent
incidents in a standardized manner.
- The Board of Regents must create
guidelines to implement character and
civility education, and such instruction
must be integrated into the K-12 curriculum.
- The law requires that teachers undergo
training in school violence prevention and
intervention.
This comprehensive legislation will empower
local communities to implement strong
community standards to address violent
and disruptive behavior, hold schools
accountable for creating a safe learning
environment and make our schools safe havens.
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Removal of Violent or Disruptive Students
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- Requires that students who have
committed violent acts be immediately
removed from the classroom and that the
superintendent’s suspension process be
automatically triggered and commenced upon
the commission of such acts.
- Authorizes teachers to remove disruptive
students from the classroom and refer them to
the principal for discipline and continued
educational programming consistent with the
Code of Conduct. Also requires the principal
to take action, including suspension, that
is consistent with the Code of Conduct.
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Code of Conduct
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- Strengthens the Code of Conduct by setting
standards and requiring minimum suspension
periods for students who are violent,
including those who possess weapons or
items which could be used as weapons.
Requires minimum suspension periods for
students who repeatedly are substantially
disruptive of the educational process or
substantially interfere with the teacher's
authority over the classroom.
- Requires that school authorities establish
policies and procedures which ensure the
provision of continued educational
programming and activities for suspended
students.
- Requires procedures by which violations of
the code are reported and determined,
discipline measures imposed and discipline
measures carried out.
- Requires community, parent and teacher
participation in the development and the
annual review of the code.
- Requires distribution of the Code of
Conduct to all students at a general
assembly and mailed to parents.
- Grants the Commissioner of Education
enforcement power with respect to school
districts that have failed to properly
adopt and implement the required Code of
Conduct and school safety plan.
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School Safety Plan
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- Requires that each school have a building
level and district wide school safety plan which
must include provisions for crisis intervention,
emergency response and management.
- Requires a description of the hiring
and screening process for all personnel who
function in a school security capacity.
- Requires policies and procedures for annual
safety training for staff and students.
- Requires community, parent and teacher
participation in the development and the
annual review of the plan.
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Uniform Violent Incident Reporting System
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- Creates a uniform violent incident
reporting system to which school districts
must report. This will provide an accurate
picture of the level of violence in our
schools.
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School Violence Prevention Grant Program
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- Creates a grant program with an emphasis on
school safety and security, with two
components: school safety and violence
prevention, and extended day programs which
may be joint projects between a school and
community-based organization.
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Increases Communication Between the Juvenile
Justice System and the Schools
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- Improves the communication between the
juvenile justice system and school districts
by establishing a liaison between the school
district and the family court.
- Requires notification to a designated
educational official of any enrolled
student's conviction and sentence for
the purpose of execution of the student's
educational plan, successful school
adjustment and re-entry into the community.
- Requires that students who have been
released or conditionally released from a
facility be given a plan to ensure prompt
enrollment in an educational program.
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Increases Penalties for Assaults Committed
on School Grounds
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- Increases penalties for assaults by
students against school employees and
assaults by school employees against
students that occur on school grounds
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Teacher Training, New Disciplinary Measures, and
Whistleblower Protection for School Employees
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- The Commissioner must require that licensure requirements for certain school employees include two hours of
training in school violence prevention.
- Additional powers are bestowed upon the
Commissioner to impose a suspension of a
teaching certificate or license, wholly for
a fixed period of time, partially until the
teacher successfully completes a course of
training or by limiting the scope of the
teaching certificate.
- Creates whistleblower protection for
school employees who report acts of
violence and weapons possession.
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Character Education and Other Curriculum Changes
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- Requires the Regents to set forth
guidelines to implement character and
civility education.
- Additionally the Commissioner must make
available an interpersonal violence
prevention education package for grades
K-12.
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Violent Students
Violent students must be removed from the school
setting and
dealt with appropriately. This will be
achieved by:
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1. Ensuring Removal of Violent Students from
the Classroom
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Altering the Current Administrative Process
Previously, Section 3214 was vague as to
what behavior constituted a suspendable
offense. For example, a student may have
been suspended for being "insubordinate or
disorderly" or if their mental condition
"endangered the health, safety, or morals of
himself or of other pupils."
The new law ensures order can be maintained
in the classroom and on school grounds by:
- requiring that a violent student be
suspended immediately and that the superintendent’s
suspension process be automatically triggered and
commenced.
- clarifying Section 3214 of the Education
Law by defining students who are violent.
- requiring school districts to outline
procedures to notify law enforcement
officials with regard to violations of the
Code of Conduct which constitute a crime.
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2. Uniform Incident Reporting System
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- Specifically requires that certain criminal acts, such as the use of a weapon or an assault, be reported to a
statewide reporting system to increase accountability.
- Protocol will be set by the Commissioner of Education and the Commissioner of Criminal Justice Services.
- Links the information to the School Report Card which will be available to each community.
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Disruptive Students
The majority of discipline problems in school districts are caused by repeatedly substantially disruptive students. Project SAVE addresses those students as follows:
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1. Amending the Code of Conduct
A. Increasing Community Involvement
The provisions for developing a Code of
Conduct appear in the Commissioner’s
Regulations, section 100.2. Prior to
passage of Project SAVE, the Regulations
required that the Code be developed "
in consultation" with teachers,
administrators and parents. The Regulations
also required that the local board of
education review the policy annually.
The legislation establishes more meaningful
participation by members of the community
including teachers, parents and other
school personnel in the development of the
Code of Conduct by:
- making the development of a Code of
Conduct a statutory requirement;
- requiring the participation and input of
teachers, parents, administrators, school
safety personnel, and other school staff in
the development of the Code;
- having a public hearing prior to
the adoption of the Code;
- requiring the Code of Conduct to be
reviewed and updated on an annual basis,
with a public hearing; and
- requiring distribution of the Code of
Conduct to all students at a general
assembly and mailed to parents.
B. Requiring Specific Provisions in the Code of Conduct
While the elements of the Code of Conduct
should primarily be determined at the local
level, there are some elements which are
required to address the chronically disruptive
or potentially dangerous student who has not
committed a violent act. These include:
- mandating that the Code contain minimum suspension periods, or the provision of services if appropriate, for
those students who repeatedly are substantially disruptive. The definition of "repeatedly are substantially
disruptive" would be locally determined pursuant to the guidelines set by the Commissioner. The minimums
should be set locally to encourage participation in the discussion of this issue as well as ensure that the
Code will be a true reflection of the community’s needs;
- mandating that the Code contain minimum suspension periods for violent students as defined by legislation,
including the possession of a deadly weapon, or objects which could be used as weapons, e.g., boxcutters and
razor blades;
- requiring the establishment of policies
and procedures to ensure the provision of
continued educational programming and
activities for students removed from the
classroom;
- requiring a description of the
circumstances under and procedures by which
referral to appropriate human service
agencies shall be made;
- requiring provisions regarding conduct,
dress and language deemed appropriate; and
- implementation deadlines.
C. Commissioner Enforcement Power and Guidelines
This law grants the Commissioner enforcement
power, such as the ability to withhold state
aid temporarily, if a school district has
failed to comply with the provisions regarding
the Code of Conduct. It also requires the
Commissioner to issue definitional guidelines
for certain terms, such as "repeatedly are
substantially disruptive." Also gives the
Chancellor comparable enforcement powers with
respect to the schools in New York City. |
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2. Removal of Disruptive Students
- Clarifies the teacher's authority to
remove a repeatedly substantially
disruptive student from the classroom,
consistent with the disciplinary measures
contained in the Code of Conduct, with the
principal making the final determination
in accordance with the Code of Conduct.
- Requires the teacher to provide the
student with an explanation of the basis
for removal and allows the pupil to
informally present the student's version
of relevant events.
- Requires the principal to inform the
persons in parental relation of the
student's removal and the reason therefor
and an opportunity for an informal
conference with the persons in parental
relation and the student.
- Prohibits the principal from setting
aside the discipline imposed by the teacher
unless the charges against the student are
not supported by substantial evidence,
that the pupil's removal is otherwise in
violation of the law, or that the conduct
warrants suspension and a suspension
will be imposed.
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3. Security — School Safety Plan
Currently, the local board of education has
the duty to keep schools safe and has
jurisdiction over any employees who are
hired by the district to ensure the safety
of their schools.
As with the Code of Conduct, safety and
community participation are increased by
requiring:
- school districts to have comprehensive
building level and district wide school
safety plans in place to emphasize and
address safety concerns;
- the input of a school safety team
including parents, teachers, administrators,
school safety personnel, local law
enforcement officials and others in the development
of the plans; and
- review and re-approval on an annual
basis, with a public hearing prior to
adoption.
Elements of the district wide plan must include:
- policies to address crisis intervention,
emergency response and management;
a policy to contact parents and law
enforcement officials in the event of a
violent incident;
- appropriate prevention and intervention
strategies including non-violent conflict
resolution programs, peer mediation
programs, youth courts, and extended day
programs;
- a clear description of the duties of
hall monitors or other school safety
personnel, as well as the hiring and
screening process of all such personnel;
- policies and procedures for annual school
safety training for staff and students;
- policies and procedures relating to
school building security, including where
appropriate, the use of school safety
officers and security devices; and
- protocols for responding to bomb
threats, hostage takings, intrusions and
kidnappings.
Elements of the building plan, also called the emergency response plan, developed by the building level school safety team, include:
- the identification of evacuation routes
and shelter sites;
- procedures for addressing medical
needs;
- the designation of an emergency
response team which includes school
personnel, law enforcement officials
and representatives from the regional
emergency response agency;
- the designation of a post-incident
response team which includes school
personnel, medical personnel, mental
health counselors, and others who can
assist the community in coping with the
aftermath of a violent incident; and
- procedures for assuring that crisis
response and law enforcement officials
have access to floor plans, blueprints,
or other maps of school interior and
grounds.
4. Security — School Violence Prevention Grant Program
To provide additional financial support to address the safety concerns of school districts statewide, the new law:
- includes a grant program with an
emphasis on school safety and security. In
addition to extended day programs and
school violence prevention programs,
allowable use of grant funding would also
include safety devices such as metal
detectors and non-violent conflict
resolution techniques;
- provides funding for intensive violence
prevention programs which may be joint
projects between a school and community-based
organization or similar agency, including a
comprehensive school-based intervention model;
- requires competitive grants be awarded
on a priority basis to schools or school
districts; and
- requires grant funds to be used for
purposes consistent with the elements and
goals of their School Safety Plan.
5. Uniform Incident Reporting System
In order to determine where there may be
the most need and assess the impact of
various violence prevention programs,
Project SAVE requires the creation of a
uniform violent incident reporting system.
Key components include:
- requiring that violent incidents and
all suspensions and other disciplinary
measures administered pursuant to
the Code of Conduct be reported to the
Commissioner of Education;
- requiring a protocol to be set by the
Commissioner of Education and the
Commissioner of Criminal Justice
Services; and
- requiring a summary of such information
be included in the school district report
card.
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Juvenile Justice
The goal of this aspect of the law is
the enactment of measures designed to:
(a) make schools safer places for teachers
and staff to work and students to learn;
and (b) increase the effectiveness of the
juvenile justice system and improve
communication between the juvenile justice
system and the educational system.
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1. Makes Schools a Safer Place for Students and Staff
A. Increasing Penalties for Assaults by Students Against School Employees and Assaults by School
Employees Against Students
Assault is currently a class "A" misdemeanor,
with an authorized sentence of up to one year
in jail (12 months OCFS for youths, subject to
extension). Assault with a deadly weapon or
dangerous instrument, or which causes serious
physical injury, is a class D felony (up to
seven years for first offenders; 18 months OCFS
for youths, subject to extension).
To send a strong message denouncing violence
against teachers and other school district
personnel, we raised simple assault against a
school employee from an A misdemeanor to a D
felony (second degree assault). Additionally, to
reflect the goal of schools as safe havens and
to assure symmetry, we raised school
employee-on-student assaults to class D felony
status.
B. Use of Certain Evidence in Suspension Proceedings
A recent decision by the New York Court of Appeals,
Juan C. v. Cortines, held that school officials
could suspend a student caught carrying a gun in
school if school officials believed the gun
seizure was proper, even though an earlier court
ruling had excluded the gun as evidence in a
juvenile delinquency case. The law codifies this
sensible ruling and expands it to ensure that it
is applicable in every case in which a student is
caught carrying a gun in school.
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2. Increases the Effectiveness of the Juvenile Justice
System and Increases Communication with the
School District
Previously, there was no consistent or
formal means by which a school district or
educator was notified of a student's return
to school after detention. This legislation
solves this problem by requiring the
designated educational official to act as
the liaison between the two systems and
authorizing them to receive notification
from the Family Court System and to
coordinate the student's participation in
programs which may exist in the school
district or community including:
non-violent conflict resolution programs,
peer mediation programs or other school
violence prevention and intervention
programs.
The courts will be required to provide
notification of conviction to the
designated educational official of an
enrolled student's conviction and sentence
for the purpose of executing the student's
educational plan, successful school
adjustment and re-entry into the community.
Futhermore, any students who are released
or conditionally released from a facility
must be given a plan which includes steps
to ensure that the student is promptly
enrolled in an educational program.
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Resources
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In addition to the School Violence Prevention
Grant Program established in the Project Save
legislation which was funded in the 2000-01 budget
at $30.2 million under Extended School Day/School
Violence Prevention, numerous other state and
federal programs may be available as resources
in developing a violence prevention program in
your school district.
Some of the programs include: the Advantage Schools
Program that seeks to facilitate the intellectual
and social development of youth by providing
supplemental learning experiences after traditional
school hours delivered in the school building;
the Youth-at-Risk Fund supports school districts
and BOCES programs promoting partnerships between
schools, community groups, private business, social
service providers and local governments to serve
at-risk youth; the Youth Enterprise Program promotes
the coordination of school and community resources
to provide a full array of services for youth at
risk of not completing school for a variety of
reasons including drug and alcohol abuse, pregnancy,
parenthood, academic failure or family problems;
and the Transferring Success Program encourages
local school districts to address their educational
problems or priorities by adopting state or nationally
validated programs. The Transferring Success Program
includes at-risk youth, parent partnerships, and
assisting school districts to address their school
improvement needs.
School districts and BOCES with high percentages of
disadvantaged students also may apply for the
Schools as Community Sites grant to promote
coordinated management of the resources of the
schools and communities. The Safe and Drug-Free
Schools and Communities Act provides federal
funds to local agencies to establish substance abuse
and violence prevention programs. Funds for this
program are available on a non-competitive basis
and the amount of money is based on the number of
students attending school, public or private. The
Innovative Education Program Strategies grant is
another federal program which supports local
educational reform efforts consistent with the
National Education Goals and statewide reform
efforts under Goals 2000, and to provide a source
of innovation and educational improvement.
For additional resources, a helpful guide to both
state and federal programs is the "Catalog of
State and Federal Programs Aiding New York’s
Local Governments" by the Legislative Commission
on State-Local Relations (518- 455-5035) which
is published every two years. The 2001 edition
will be released in March.
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Directory of Contacts for Project SAVE
If you have questions regarding the
implementation of the following sections of
Project SAVE, you should first consult with
your school district’s attorney but if
there are remaining questions, you can
contact the person(s) listed under that
particular section(s):
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1. Suspensions of Violent and Disruptive
Pupils
Contact: John Soja
Supervisor Health and Pupil Services
NYS Education Department
(518) 486-6090
2. Teacher Removal
Contact: John Soja
Supervisor Health and Pupil Services
NYS Education Department
(518) 486-6090
3. Code of Conduct
Contact: John Soja
Supervisor Health and Pupil Services
NYS Education Department
(518) 486-6090
4. Uniform Violent Incident Reporting
System
Contact: John Soja
Supervisor Health and Pupil Services
NYS Education Department
(518) 486-6090
5. Whistleblower Protection for School
Employees
Contact: John Soja
Supervisor Health and Pupil Services
NYS Education Department
(518) 486-6090
6. Omnibus School Violence Prevention
Grant Program
Contact: John Soja
Supervisor Health and Pupil Services
NYS Education Department
(518) 486-6090
7. School Violence Prevention and
Intervention Training for School
Employees
Contact: John Soja
Supervisor Health and Pupil Services
NYS Education Department
(518) 486-6090
8. Court Reporting of Sentences to Schools
and the Designated Education Official
Contact: John Soja
Supervisor Health and Pupil Services
NYS Education Department
(518) 486-6090
9. Building-level School Emergency
Response Plan
Contact: Laura Sahr
NYS Education Department
(518) 486-2074
10. Instruction in Civility, Citizenship, and
Character Education
Contact: Roseanne DeFabio
Assistant Commissioner for Curriculum,
Instruction, and Assessment
NYS Education Department
(518) 473-7880
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11. School Safety Plans
Contact: John Soja
Supervisor Health and Pupil Services
NYS Education Department
(518) 486-6090
OR
Contact: The New York State Center for
School Safety
Ulster BOCES
175 Route 32 North
New Paltz, NY 12561
Phone: (845) 255-8989
Fax: (845) 255-3836
Email: scss@int1.mhrcc.org
Website: www.mhrcc.org/scss
12. Interpersonal Violence Prevention
Education Package
Contact: The New York State Center for
School Safety
Ulster BOCES
175 Route 32 North
New Paltz, NY 12561
Phone: (845) 255-8989
Fax: (845) 255-3836
Email: scss@int1.mhrcc.org
Website: www.mhrcc.org/scss
13. Commissioner’s Powers Regarding the
Annulment or Suspension of Teaching
Licenses
Contact: Bart Zabin
NYS Education Department
(518) 473-2998
Other Useful Contacts:
14. NYS Education Department
Education Building
Albany, New York 12234
General questions or requests for information can be directed to the
Interactive Voice Response Phone Number at (518) 474-3852.
Website: www.nysed.gov
15. The New York State Center for School
Safety
Ulster BOCES
175 Route 32 North
New Paltz, NY 12561
Phone: (845) 255-8989
Fax: (845) 255-3836
Email: scss@int1.mhrcc.org
Website: www.mhrcc.org/scss
16. Useful Web Sites
The National Resource Center for Safe
Schools: www.safetyzone.org
Citizens Access to Government:
www.state.ny.us
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