NEW YORK STATE ASSEMBLY MEMORANDUM IN SUPPORT OF LEGISLATION submitted in accordance with Assembly Rule III, Sec 1(f)
BILL NUMBER: A3615
SPONSOR: Simone TITLE OF BILL:
An act to amend the public officers law and the state technology law, in
relation to requirements for open meetings; to amend part WW of chapter
56 of the laws of 2022 amending the public officers law relating to
permitting videoconferencing and remote participation in public
meetings under certain circumstances, in relation to making such
provisions permanent; to amend the state finance law and the state tech-
nology law, in relation to establishing the municipal hybrid meeting
trust fund; and providing for the repeal of certain provisions upon the
expiration thereof
PURPOSE:
The purpose of this bill is to modernize the open meetings law in
relation to hybrid meetings and quorum requirements.
SUMMARY OF SPECIFIC PROVISIONS:
Section 1 amends chapter 56 of the laws of 2022 removing the repeal date
Section 2 amends subdivisions 2 and 3 of section 103-a of the public
officers law to require hybrid meetings for public bodies and sets
quorum requirements and rules for closed captioning and interpretation
Section 3 amends subdivisions 2,4 and 5 of section 104 of the public
officers law regarding public notice of meetings
Section 4 amends subdivisions e and f of section 103 of the public offi-
cers law regarding materials to be discussed in open meetings and web
streaming of meetings
Section 5 amends subdivision c of section 103 of the public officers law
to require ASL interpretation upon request
Section 6 amends section 102 of the public officers law to set defi-
nitions
Section 7 amends section 103-d of the state technology law to add a new
closing paragraph
Section 8 amends subdivision 2 of section 105 of the public officers law
regarding attendance at executive sessions of public bodies
Section 9 amends section 106 of the public officers law regarding
minutes of a meeting
Section 10 amends the state finance law by adding a new section 99-ss to
create a municipal hybrid meeting trust fund
Section 11 amends section 103 of the state technology law by adding a
new subdivision 26 to develop and administer a competitive grant program
for municipalities to support hybrid meeting implementation
Section 12 sets the effective date
JUSTIFICATION:
The COVID-19 pandemic changed the way New Yorkers interact with their
government. Virtual public meetings allowed people who found it chal-
lenging to attend in person meetings to interact with their government
and community, particularly people with disabilities and parents with
young children. The FY22-23 budget made many of the COVID era practices
for virtual meetings permanent, though did not include a mandate for
hybrid meetings.
By requiring all state and local public bodies that are subject to the
open meetings law to provide a virtual option for all public meetings,
this legislation will ensure the future accessibility and transparency
of public meetings.
Additionally, this legislation ensures that public comments can always
be taken virtually and that a level of in-person accessibility of public
bodies is maintained.
This legislation establishes a trust fund and competitive grant program
to assist municipalities with compliance.
PRIOR LEGISLATIVE HISTORY:
2024 - A10266 referred to governmental operations
FISCAL IMPLICATIONS:
To be determined
EFFECTIVE DATE:
This act shall take effect immediately, provided that sections two,
three, four, five, six, eight and nine of this act shall take effect on
the sixtieth day after it shall have become a law; and provided,
further, that the provisions of sections ten and eleven of this act
shall expire January 1, 2030 when upon such date the provisions of such
sections shall be deemed repealed.
STATE OF NEW YORK
________________________________________________________________________
3615
2025-2026 Regular Sessions
IN ASSEMBLY
January 29, 2025
___________
Introduced by M. of A. SIMONE -- read once and referred to the Committee
on Governmental Operations
AN ACT to amend the public officers law and the state technology law, in
relation to requirements for open meetings; to amend part WW of chap-
ter 56 of the laws of 2022 amending the public officers law relating
to permitting videoconferencing and remote participation in public
meetings under certain circumstances, in relation to making such
provisions permanent; to amend the state finance law and the state
technology law, in relation to establishing the municipal hybrid meet-
ing trust fund; and providing for the repeal of certain provisions
upon the expiration thereof
The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assem-bly, do enact as follows:
1 Section 1. Section 4 of part WW of chapter 56 of the laws of 2022
2 amending the public officers law relating to permitting videoconferenc-
3 ing and remote participation in public meetings under certain
4 circumstances, as amended by section 1 of part KK of chapter 58 of the
5 laws of 2024, is amended to read as follows:
6 § 4. This act shall take effect immediately [and shall expire and be
7 deemed repealed July 1, 2026].
8 § 2. Subdivisions 2 and 3 of section 103-a of the public officers law,
9 as added by section 2 of part WW of chapter 56 of the laws of 2022,
10 paragraph (c) of subdivision 2 as amended by section 1 of part X of
11 chapter 58 of the laws of 2023, are amended to read as follows:
12 2. A public body [may, in its discretion,] shall use web-based video-
13 conferencing with the ability to enable closed captioning to conduct its
14 meetings pursuant to the requirements of this article provided that for
15 bodies composed of elected officials, a minimum number of members are
16 present to fulfill the public body's quorum requirement in the same
17 physical location or locations where the public can attend [and the
18 following criteria are met:]. For all appointed boards and commissions,
EXPLANATION--Matter in italics (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[] is old law to be omitted.
LBD03203-01-5
A. 3615 2
1 or non-elected agencies or authorities, at a minimum, the presiding
2 officer shall be present in person for all public meetings. A presiding
3 officer who is unable to be present in person for any reason set forth
4 in paragraph (b) of this subdivision may designate an alternate member
5 of the public body to be present in such officer's place.
6 (a) [the] The governing board of a county, city, town or village [has
7 adopted a local law, or a public body has adopted a resolution, or] and
8 the senate and assembly [have adopted a joint resolution, following a
9 public hearing, authorizing the use of videoconferencing:
10 (i) for itself and its committees or subcommittees; or,
11 (ii) specifying that each committee or subcommittee may make its own
12 determination;
13 (iii) provided however, each community board in a city with a popu-
14 lation of one million or more shall make its own determination;
15 (b) the public body has established] shall adopt written procedures
16 governing member and public attendance consistent with this section, and
17 such written procedures shall be conspicuously posted on the public
18 website of the public body[;
19 (c) members].
20 (b) Members of the public body shall be physically present at any such
21 meeting unless such member is unable to be physically present at any
22 such meeting location due to [extraordinary] circumstances, as set forth
23 in the [resolution and] written procedures adopted pursuant to [para-
24 graphs] paragraph (a) [and (b)] of this subdivision, including disabili-
25 ty, illness, caregiving responsibilities, or any other significant or
26 unexpected factor or event which precludes the member's physical attend-
27 ance at such meeting. Notwithstanding the in person quorum requirements
28 set forth in this subdivision, the public body may determine, through
29 its written procedures governing member and public attendance estab-
30 lished pursuant to and consistent with this section, to allow for any
31 member who has a disability as defined in section two hundred ninety-two
32 of the executive law, where such disability renders such member unable
33 to participate in-person at any such meeting location where the public
34 can attend, to be considered present for purposes of fulfilling the
35 quorum requirements for such public body at any meetings conducted
36 through videoconferencing pursuant to this section, provided, however,
37 that the remaining criteria set forth in this subdivision are otherwise
38 met; and provided, further, that the public body maintains at least one
39 physical location where the public can attend such meeting[;
40 (d) except].
41 (c) Except in the case of executive sessions conducted pursuant to
42 section one hundred five of this article, the public body shall ensure
43 that members of the public body can be heard, seen and identified, while
44 the meeting is being conducted, including but not limited to any
45 motions, proposals, resolutions, and any other matter formally discussed
46 or voted upon[;
47 (e) the].
48 (d) The minutes of the meetings [involving videoconferencing] shall
49 include which, if any, members participated remotely and shall be avail-
50 able to the public pursuant to section one hundred six of this article[;
51 (f) if videoconferencing is used to conduct a meeting, the public
52 notice for the meeting shall inform the public that videoconferencing
53 will be used, where the public can view and/or participate in such meet-
54 ing, where required documents and records will be posted or available,
55 and identify the physical location for the meeting where the public can
56 attend;
A. 3615 3
1 (g) the].
2 (e) The public body shall provide that each meeting [conducted using
3 videoconferencing] shall be recorded and such recordings posted or
4 linked on the public website of the public body within five business
5 days following the meeting, and shall remain so available for a minimum
6 of five years thereafter. Such recordings shall use closed captioning
7 and be transcribed upon request[;
8 (h) if videoconferencing is used to conduct a meeting, the].
9 (f) The public body shall provide the opportunity for members of the
10 public to view such meeting via video, and to participate in proceedings
11 via videoconference in real time, with real time closed captioning, and
12 with American Sign Language interpretation when requested within a
13 reasonable time prior to such meeting, where public comment or partic-
14 ipation is authorized and shall ensure that videoconferencing authorizes
15 the same public participation or testimony as in person participation or
16 testimony[; and
17 (i) a local public body electing to utilize videoconferencing to
18 conduct its meetings must maintain an official website].
19 3. The in person participation requirements of paragraph [(c)] (b) of
20 subdivision two of this section shall not apply during a state disaster
21 emergency declared by the governor pursuant to section twenty-eight of
22 the executive law, or a local state of emergency proclaimed by the chief
23 executive of a county, city, village or town pursuant to section twen-
24 ty-four of the executive law, if the public body determines that the
25 circumstances necessitating the emergency declaration would affect or
26 impair the ability of the public body to hold an in person meeting.
27 § 3. Subdivisions 2, 4 and 5 of section 104 of the public officers
28 law, subdivision 2 as amended and subdivision 5 as added by chapter 302
29 of the laws of 2016, subdivision 4 as added by chapter 289 of the laws
30 of 2000, are amended and a new subdivision 7 is added to read as
31 follows:
32 2. Public notice of the time and place of every other meeting shall be
33 given or electronically transmitted[, to the extent practicable,] to the
34 news media and shall be conspicuously posted in one or more designated
35 public locations, including the public body's webpage and social media
36 accounts, at a reasonable time prior thereto.
37 4. [If videoconferencing is used to conduct a meeting, the] The public
38 notice for the meeting required by this section shall inform the public
39 that videoconferencing will be used, identify the locations for the
40 meeting, state where the public can view and/or participate, including
41 how they may participate, in such meeting, identify where required docu-
42 ments and records will be posted or available, and state that the public
43 has the right to attend the meeting at any of the locations.
44 5. [If a meeting will be streamed live over the internet, the] The
45 public notice for the meeting shall inform the public of the internet
46 address of the website streaming such meeting.
47 7. Every public body shall maintain a page on an official government
48 internet website.
49 § 4. Subdivisions (e) and (f) of section 103 of the public officers
50 law, subdivision (e) as amended by chapter 481 of the laws of 2021,
51 subdivision (f) as amended by chapter 319 of the laws of 2016, are
52 amended to read as follows:
53 (e) Agency records available to the public pursuant to article six of
54 this chapter, as well as any proposed resolution, law, rule, regulation,
55 policy or any amendment thereto, that is scheduled to be the subject of
56 discussion by a public body during an open meeting shall be made avail-
A. 3615 4
1 able, upon request therefor, [to the extent practicable] at least twen-
2 ty-four hours prior to the meeting during which the records will be
3 discussed. Copies of such records may be made available for a reasonable
4 fee, determined in the same manner as provided therefor in article six
5 of this chapter. If the agency in which a public body functions main-
6 tains a regularly and routinely updated website and utilizes a high
7 speed internet connection, such records shall be posted on the website
8 [to the extent practicable] at least twenty-four hours prior to the
9 meeting. An agency may, but shall not be required to, expend additional
10 moneys to implement the provisions of this subdivision.
11 (f) Open meetings of an agency or authority shall be[, to the extent
12 practicable and within available funds,] broadcast to the public and
13 maintained as records of the agency or authority. [If the agency or
14 authority maintains a website and utilizes a high speed internet
15 connection, such] Such open [meeting] meetings shall be[, to the extent
16 practicable and within available funds,] streamed on such website in
17 real-time, and posted on such website within and for a reasonable time
18 after the meeting. [For the purposes of this subdivision, the term
19 "agency" shall mean only a state department, board, bureau, division,
20 council or office and any public corporation the majority of whose
21 members are appointed by the governor. For purposes of this subdivision,
22 the term "authority" shall mean a public authority or public benefit
23 corporation created by or existing under any state law, at least one of
24 whose members is appointed by the governor (including any subsidiaries
25 of such public authority or public benefit corporation), other than an
26 interstate or international authority or public benefit corporation.]
27 § 5. Subdivision (c) of section 103 of the public officers law, as
28 amended by section 1 of part WW of chapter 56 of the laws of 2022, is
29 amended to read as follows:
30 (c) A public body shall provide an opportunity for the public to
31 attend, listen and observe meetings in at least one accessible physical
32 location at which a member participates. A public body shall provide an
33 American Sign Language interpreter at such meetings upon request.
34 § 6. Section 102 of the public officers law, as added by chapter 511
35 of the laws of 1976 and such section as renumbered by chapter 652 of the
36 laws of 1983, subdivision 1 as amended by chapter 289 of the laws of
37 2000, and subdivision 2 as amended by chapter 115 of the laws of 2022,
38 is amended to read as follows:
39 § 102. Definitions. As used in this article: 1. "Meeting" means the
40 official convening of a public body for the purpose of conducting public
41 business, including the use of videoconferencing or other electronic
42 means for attendance and participation by the members of the public
43 body.
44 2. "Public body" means any entity, for which a quorum is required in
45 order to conduct public business and which consists of two or more
46 members, performing a governmental function for the state or for an
47 agency or department thereof, or for a public corporation as defined in
48 section sixty-six of the general construction law, or committee or
49 subcommittee or other similar body consisting of members of such public
50 body, or an entity created or appointed to perform a necessary function
51 in the decision-making process for which a quorum is required in order
52 to conduct public business and which consists of two or more members[. A
53 necessary function in the decision-making process shall not include the
54 provision of recommendations or guidance which is purely advisory and
55 which does not require further action by the state or agency or depart-
56 ment thereof or public corporation as defined in section sixty-six of
A. 3615 5
1 the general construction law] including any formally chartered entity
2 which has officially delegated duties and organizational attributes of a
3 substantive nature.
4 3. "Executive session" means that portion of a meeting not open to the
5 general public.
6 4. "Videoconferencing" means any method of conducting a meeting
7 involving participants at two or more locations through the use of
8 equipment which allows participants at each location to hear and see
9 each meeting participant at each location, including public input.
10 Interaction between meeting participants shall be possible at all meet-
11 ing locations.
12 § 7. Section 103-d of the state technology law is amended by adding a
13 new closing paragraph to read as follows:
14 The office shall facilitate use of widely available, low-cost, plat-
15 form responsive, web-based videoconferencing applications that meet or
16 exceed federal accessibility guidelines and international standards,
17 allowing for an equivalent experience to in-person access, including for
18 materials and public comment, for the broadcast of public meetings by
19 state agencies and local public bodies, as defined in article seven of
20 the public officers law.
21 § 8. Subdivision 2 of section 105 of the public officers law, as added
22 by chapter 511 of the laws of 1976, and such section as renumbered by
23 chapter 652 of the laws of 1983, is amended to read as follows:
24 2. Attendance at an executive session shall be permitted to any member
25 of the public body and any other persons authorized by the public body
26 and held either at a physical location, via videoconferencing, or both.
27 § 9. Section 106 of the public officers law is amended by adding a new
28 subdivision 4 to read as follows:
29 4. The minutes of a meeting shall reflect the type of electronic means
30 used, which, if any, members participated by electronic means, when each
31 member participating by electronic means joined and left the meeting,
32 and any interruption in or suspension of the meeting due to a technical
33 problem.
34 § 10. The state finance law is amended by adding a new section 99-ss
35 to read as follows:
36 § 99-ss. Municipal hybrid meeting trust fund. 1. There is hereby
37 established in the joint custody of the state comptroller and the
38 commissioner of taxation and finance a special fund to be known as the
39 "municipal hybrid meeting trust fund".
40 2. The fund shall be credited with appropriations, bond proceeds or
41 other money authorized or transferred to such fund from the general fund
42 and local assistance account, or any other monies required to be trans-
43 ferred or deposited pursuant to law, and any interest earned on such
44 money. Revenues deposited in the fund that are unexpended at the end of
45 a fiscal year shall not revert to the general fund and shall be avail-
46 able for expenditure in the following fiscal year.
47 3. Monies of the fund shall be expended jointly by the committee on
48 open government and the office of information technology services for
49 the purpose of assisting municipalities expand their remote and hybrid
50 meeting capabilities for non-elected municipal bodies so that they may
51 better serve their constituents. Monies in the trust fund may be used to
52 support the replication and the dissemination of best practices gener-
53 ated through the competitive grant program outlined in subdivision twen-
54 ty-six of section one hundred three of the state technology law.
55 § 11. Section 103 of the state technology law is amended by adding a
56 new subdivision 26 to read as follows:
A. 3615 6
1 26. To develop and administer a competitive grant program for munici-
2 palities to support hybrid meeting implementation among their non-elect-
3 ed local public bodies. To this end, funds for such grant program shall
4 be drawn from the municipal hybrid meeting trust fund established in
5 section ninety-nine-ss of the state finance law. Such competitive grant
6 program shall be subject to the following criteria:
7 (a) All applications for a grant shall include, but shall not be
8 limited to, a plan for enabling the public body to conduct hybrid meet-
9 ings and an estimate of the projected costs of the plan.
10 (b) In approving grant applications, the office of information tech-
11 nology services may give preference to rural areas.
12 (c) Municipalities which are awarded funds through such competitive
13 grant program shall submit to the office of information technology
14 services and the committee for open government a report detailing how
15 such funds have been expended and the progress that has been made
16 towards the implementation of hybrid meetings within the municipality.
17 (d) Annually, not later than December first, the office of information
18 technology services shall submit a report detailing expenditures from
19 the trust fund to the clerks of the senate and assembly, the chairs of
20 the senate and assembly committees on ways and means, the assembly
21 subcommittee on internet and new technology, and the senate standing
22 committee on internet and technology.
23 § 12. This act shall take effect immediately, provided that sections
24 two, three, four, five, six, eight and nine of this act shall take
25 effect on the sixtieth day after it shall have become a law; and
26 provided, further, that the provisions of sections ten and eleven of
27 this act shall expire January 1, 2030 when upon such date the provisions
28 of such sections shall be deemed repealed.
